Dental hygiene – what does it involve?

Dental hygiene is a procedure that involves removing dental calculus, deposits, and discolorations from the surfaces of teeth. This procedure not only enhances the aesthetics of our smile but also prevents gum diseases and cavities. Dental hygiene is performed in four stages: scaling, air polishing, polishing, and fluoride application. The teeth cleaning procedure should be carried out at least once or twice a year, depending on individual needs and predisposition to dental calculus buildup. It is essential before other dental treatments such as orthodontics, teeth whitening, or prosthetics.

SCALING

Scaling is a procedure that involves mechanically removing dental calculus from the surfaces of teeth. Dental calculus is mineralized bacterial plaque that accumulates on teeth due to inadequate oral hygiene, dietary habits, or genetic predisposition. It can lead to cavities, gum inflammation, and periodontal issues. It is performed using an ultrasonic scaler or curettes and can be done above or below the gumline, depending on the extent of the deposits. Scaling is typically painless, but in some cases, local anesthesia may be used.

AIR POLISHING

Air polishing is a procedure aimed at removing dental plaque, deposits, and discolorations from the surfaces of teeth. It involves using fine particles of dental sand, propelled at high pressure, to cleanse the teeth. Dental air polishing is painless and swift, resulting in brighter, smoother, and healthier teeth. It’s recommended for individuals prone to teeth discoloration caused by factors like smoking, coffee, or tea consumption. It also helps prevent cavities and periodontal issues. While air polishing has few contraindications, individuals with gum inflammation, oral inflammation, or lung issues should avoid it.

POLISHING

Polishing concludes the entire mechanical teeth cleaning procedure. It involves applying a special polishing paste to the teeth and rubbing it using a rubber cup or brush attachment. This procedure aims to eliminate minor irregularities and dullness from the tooth surfaces, enhancing their aesthetics. It also helps prevent the accumulation of dental plaque and calculus.

FLUORIDATION

Fluoridation is a procedure involving the application of fluoride-containing substances to the surface of teeth. Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and protects against cavities. In the dental office, fluoride is applied using special trays or brushes, or a dedicated spoon, onto teeth that have been cleaned beforehand. At home, fluoride can be used in the form of toothpaste, mouthwashes, or tablets.

WHAT ELSE IS WORTH KNOWING?

Dental hygiene consists of several stages, which are always tailored to the individual needs of the patient. For example, the amount of deposits, tartar, and dental plaque present will determine the necessary steps. Not every patient requires both scaling and air polishing; sometimes air polishing alone is sufficient. The dental hygiene procedure is generally painless, although it might cause some discomfort or gum irritation. Individuals with tooth sensitivity might experience pain during scaling and air polishing. In such cases, local or general anesthesia can be requested. The frequency of the procedure can be determined individually with the dentist or dental hygienist, depending on the patient’s dental condition and diet.

Dental hygiene is particularly recommended for smokers, heavy coffee or tea drinkers, individuals with gum issues, or those prone to tartar buildup. Dental hygiene is a simple and effective way to enhance both oral health and aesthetics. Through this procedure, many dental problems can be prevented, allowing you to enjoy a beautiful smile.